Be Quiet :: Bible Critics

Bible critics assert that the beloved apostle capital of Minnesota was a male chauvinist. One might inquire, How do they support such a claim? Critics of the sacred writings often flee to 1st Corinthians 1434-35 to buttress their accusations of apostolic misogyny citing Pauls infamous command, The women are to take silent in the churches for they are not permitted to call, but are to field of view themselves, just as the Law also says. If they desire to learn anything, let them film their own husbands at home for it is improper for a woman to speak in church. Let us employ some excellent, fundamental, Bible study techniques to regain the meaning of Pauls words. First, Biblical passages do not neutralize one another, The sum of Your word is truth (Psalm 119160). 1st Timothy 211-12 states that sophistry for women in the assembly is allowable provided its accompanied by a quiet, submissive attitude. Also, women may prophesy as long as their head is cover (1st Cor. 115). Therefore, we must(prenominal) interpret the silence of 1st Cor. 1434 with the former passages in mind. Moreover, let us remember the ancient Biblical real number estate law, Location, location, location, Context, context, context. Biblical passages must be interpreted with the context in mind, and the context of 1st Corinthians 14 is the Corinthian is authority and the abuse of spiritual gifts. Therefore, let us examine the word silence in its proper context. lock is the Greek word sigao, and its not used to denote absolute, unqualified silence. Therefore, we must look to the context to determine the type of silence in view. seize me to illustrate. Discussinfulnessg the physical toll of refusing to confess sin, David wrote, When I kept silent about my sin (Psalm 323). The word silent doesnt mean he neer spoke, rather it means he never spoke or confessed his adultery. Lets look at a New Testament example. Jesus took calamus and the sons of thunder, J ames and John, with him on the mountain to pray. The blessed trio witnessed the transfiguration of Jesus, saw and comprehend his discussion with Moses and Elijah, and they heard Gods command from heaven to heed to his Son. How did the disciples respond?Be Quiet Bible Critics Bible critics assert that the beloved apostle Paul was a male chauvinist. One might inquire, How do they support such a claim? Critics of the sacred writings often flee to 1st Corinthians 1434-35 to buttress their accusations of apostolic misogyny citing Pauls infamous command, The women are to keep silent in the churches for they are not permitted to speak, but are to subject themselves, just as the Law also says. If they desire to learn anything, let them ask their own husbands at home for it is improper for a woman to speak in church. Let us employ some excellent, fundamental, Bible study techniques to determine the meaning of Pauls words. First, Biblical passages do not contradict one anoth er, The sum of Your word is truth (Psalm 119160). 1st Timothy 211-12 states that edification for women in the assembly is allowable provided its accompanied by a quiet, submissive attitude. Also, women may prophesy as long as their head is covered (1st Cor. 115). Therefore, we must interpret the silence of 1st Cor. 1434 with the former passages in mind. Moreover, let us remember the ancient Biblical real estate law, Location, location, location, Context, context, context. Biblical passages must be interpreted with the context in mind, and the context of 1st Corinthians 14 is the Corinthian is authority and the abuse of spiritual gifts. Therefore, let us examine the word silence in its proper context. Silence is the Greek word sigao, and its not used to denote absolute, unqualified silence. Therefore, we must look to the context to determine the type of silence in view. Allow me to illustrate. Discussing the physical toll of refusing to confess sin, David wrote, Wh en I kept silent about my sin (Psalm 323). The word silent doesnt mean he never spoke, rather it means he never spoke or confessed his adultery. Lets look at a New Testament example. Jesus took Peter and the sons of thunder, James and John, with him on the mountain to pray. The blessed trio witnessed the transfiguration of Jesus, saw and heard his discussion with Moses and Elijah, and they heard Gods command from heaven to listen to his Son. How did the disciples respond?

Of Mice And Men :: essays research papers

Of Mice and Men, was a disturbing tale of friendship, and animosity and immoral nature of the human race. Along the Salinas River and underneath the Gablian Mountains of atomic number 20 during the Great Depression of the 1930s this novel takes place. A famous writer by the name of John Steinbeck, who was also born in California, is the author of this book. He has also has written many other good books such as The Grapes of Wrath, Cannery Row, and Winter of Our Discontent for which he won a Nobel Prize. He is truly a great writer, and Of Mice and Men is no exception, but while reading this book I was greatly troubled by its ending. I can see wherefore it is an excellent novel, but at the same time it left me with a kind of unpleasant feeling in the back of my mind. I cant see how an author could write a book with such a short and sudden ending. The last images he leaves the reader with is George and Slim walking take away as Curly says Now what in the hell is eating them? thus t he book ends on a harsh, cruel note, topped off by the escape of understanding and compassion of an extraordinarily immoral and cruel man. Whatever Steinbecks intent for writing such a jarring ending, he leaves the reader with a powerful sense of the worlds immorality.In this book there were several characters, but only a few had significant roles. I would dedicate to say Lennie is the protagonist of the book even though George is an extremely critical character as well. Lennie Small is described as being a ill-judged man with the mind of a child, a shapeless face, big pale eyes, sloping shoulders, and big feet that dragged a bit when he walked, much like a bear. George has taken Lennie under his wing and thus Lennie depends solely on George for everything. Ever since Lennie has been with George, he has told Lennie stories of a great place, with a cabin all to their selves, and rabbits for Lennie to care for. This leads me to his close obsession for feeling and caressing soft th ings such as fur, velvet, or human hair. This is eventually his downfall as when he kills Curleys wife when he wants to feel her hair. Lennie is not an evil or devious man.

The Physics of a Diesel Engine Essay -- Energy Automobiles Essays

The Physics of a Diesel Engine The world we live in is surrounded by diesel railway locomotives. They atomic number 18 on the freeways, railways, airways, and are one of the leading electricity producers in the world. They are also becoming more popular in automobiles. These locomotive engines are efficient and reliable and they are getting very sophisticated. However, the physical science behind these engines has not changed.By way of definition, courtesy of Diesel EngineEngineering a diesel engine is an internal combustion engine in which the chemical energy of fuel is transformed into thermal energy of the cylinder charge, in consequence of the self-ignition and combustion of fuel in the engine cylinder after compression of the air charge in the cylinder (p1 Makartchouk).There are basically two types of diesel engines, two-stroke and four-stroke. In a two-stroke engine the piston is forced from the back of the cylinder by the expanding air fuel mixture. Before the pisto n reaches the bottom of the cylinder the used mixture, (called exhaust), is forced out of the cylinder by the incoming fresh air. The fresh air relies upon a blower, air induction system, to propel it into the combustion chamber. During this time period the piston begins to travel to the exonerate of the cylinder and compress the fresh air sufficient to raise the temperature in the combustion chamber, (area between the top of the cylinder and the cylinder head at top dead center), to 1000-1200 degrees Fahrenheit (p12 Dagel). The fuel is then injected under pressure into the combustion chamber, the air ignites the fuel and the gases begin to expand finishing one cycle.A four-stroke engine begins the same way as the two-stroke with the expanding gases pushing the piston downward, called the ... ...n chamber rises dramatically. The combined fuel and air molecules bounce off one another and since the path of least(prenominal) resistance is the piston, the piston moves downward creati ng mechanical work.Applying physics to something in everyday use creates a new appreciation for what actually happens when you step on the accelerator pedal or see a truck pulling 40,000 plus pounds up a steep incline. With even a basic study of physics my worldview has changed. I now look at that cold piece of cast iron sitting in an engine compartment on a molecular level. plant CitedDagel, John F., and Robert N. Brady. Diesel Engine and Fuel System Repair. Ohio Prentice Hall, 2002.Kirkpatrick, Larry D., and Gerald F. Wheeler. Physics A WorldView. Florida Harcourt College Publishers, 2001. Makartchouk, Andrei. Diesel Engine Engineering. New York Marcel Dekker, Inc., 2002.

A Comparison of Fate in Iliad and Oedipus Rex :: comparison compare contrast essays

Fate in Iliad and Oedipus Rex In the stories The Iliad and Oedipus Rex, Oedipus and Achilles exemplified the portrayal of how a personal characters mountain may lay in their avow hands. The egotistical mindset Oedipus held triggered one of the most tragic turns in his future, resembling Achilles. As for his excess pride, it resulted in the loss of his good friend Patroclus. Oedipus boastful ways were the creation of his disastrous downfall. A few years before Oedipus took reign of king, he was requested to step aside while a group of men passed. His self-esteem felt intruded and he was so enraged he killed the crowd. Thinking that he already knew his true father Oedipus did not know that one of the members of the assembly that he had slaughtered was his own father, King Laius. Destroying his father meant destroying the city he was soon to befriend as their king. Oedipus felt as if this curse came from above, as he says in seam 1285, Apollo. Dear children the god was A pollo. He brought my sick, sick fate upon me. But he also believed his ignorance played quite the role in his fate, as in line of reasoning 700 he says, I think I may be accursed by my own ignorant edict. In the not so tragic fate that Achilles life took, his obsession of his ego and pride was also the cause of the loss of his friend Patroclus. Agamemnon stole Briseis away from Achilles as revenge for him having to return Chryseis, to her father. In the uplifted eyes of Achilles this was a blow to his ego and chose that he would not fight in the war against the Trojans. Even though his friends remained in the war, he wished humiliation on Agamemnon. Before the war Nestor presented the thought of Patroclus wearing Achilles armor and taking his place of battle, so Patroclus followed the suggestion and went into war with Achilles armor on.

Ancient Egypt :: World History

past EgyptThe Egyptians were the first to make bread that is soft, light and live up to with air. They also made the first ovens, because they need a different way to bake the larger mess hall of dough apply for this new kind of bread. The Egyptians used mud bricks that have been dried in the sun to make mobs. The sun is shining on our backs. In town ,we shall be paid fish for our barley. That was a song of Egyptian farmers , more than 3,000 year ago. Wall paintings in ancient tombs show farmers at execute in their fields. The early Egyptians had hundreds of signs for words or for part of words. Like other ancient people, the Egyptians often wrote on clay tablets or stone. It was from one such stone, the Rosetta Stone, that we acquire ancient languages. Cheops was the name of a king in ancient Egypt who wanted a place to stay when he died. So he ordered his manpower to build a huge stone house in the shape of a pyramid. A pyramid looks somewhat like a giant tent. The source of this pyramid is intimately big enough to fill ten football fields. Its peak is as high as a stairway with more than octad hundred stairs. Kings of Egypt used to be buried in great tombs with jewels and golden vases, and even thrones and chariots. The tombs had so many valuable things in them, that thieves used to break into them and abstract their treasures. So later kings decided to hide their tombs. They go out orders for their burials to be in a secret place called the Valley of the Kings. The graves were not to be marked. But, still, the jewels in golden vases and thrones and chariots were stolen. When historians checked it step up they found out who stole the treasures, thats right the men who were supposed to guard the tombs. The Great Sphinx The Great Sphinx was built almost 5,000 years ago , when Khafre was king of Egypt. It had a sympathetic head and a lions body. It stands 66 feet high and more than 240 feet long. Both head and body were carved from consentient rock. The head of the Sphinx has been damaged more than once by people who destroy things on purpose. Over the centuries, desert sand storms have also warn away some of the stone.Ancient Egypt World HistoryAncient EgyptThe Egyptians were the first to make bread that is soft, light and filled with air. They also made the first ovens, because they need a different way to bake the larger mass of dough used for this new kind of bread. The Egyptians used mud bricks that have been dried in the sun to make houses. The sun is shining on our backs. In town ,we shall be paid fish for our barley. That was a song of Egyptian farmers , more than 3,000 year ago. Wall paintings in ancient tombs show farmers at work in their fields. The early Egyptians had hundreds of signs for words or for parts of words. Like other ancient people, the Egyptians often wrote on clay tablets or stone. It was from one such stone, the Rosetta Stone, that we learned ancient languages. Cheops was the name of a king in ancient Egypt who wanted a place to stay when he died. So he ordered his men to build a huge stone house in the shape of a pyramid. A pyramid looks somewhat like a giant tent. The base of this pyramid is almost big enough to fill ten football fields. Its peak is as high as a stairway with more than eight hundred stairs. Kings of Egypt used to be buried in great tombs with jewels and golden vases, and even thrones and chariots. The tombs had so many valuable things in them, that thieves used to break into them and steal their treasures. So later kings decided to hide their tombs. They left orders for their burials to be in a secret place called the Valley of the Kings. The graves were not to be marked. But, still, the jewels in golden vases and thrones and chariots were stolen. When historians checked it out they found out who stole the treasures, thats right the men who were supposed to guard the tombs. The Great Sphinx The Great Sphinx was built almost 5,000 years ago , when Kha fre was king of Egypt. It had a human head and a lions body. It stands 66 feet high and more than 240 feet long. Both head and body were carved from solid rock. The head of the Sphinx has been damaged more than once by people who destroy things on purpose. Over the centuries, desert sand storms have also warn away some of the stone.

Ancient Egypt :: World History

Ancient EgyptThe Egyptians were the first to make bread that is soft, unhorse and filled with air. They also made the first ovens, because they penury a different way to bake the larger mass of dough used for this new build of bread. The Egyptians used mud bricks that have been dried in the sun to make houses. The sun is shining on our backs. In town ,we shall be paid weight for our barley. That was a song of Egyptian farmers , more than 3,000 category ago. Wall paintings in ancient tombs show farmers at work in their fields. The early Egyptians had hundreds of signs for words or for parts of words. Like other ancient people, the Egyptians often wrote on clay tablets or rock-and-roll. It was from one such stone, the Rosetta Stone, that we learned ancient languages. Cheops was the name of a king in ancient Egypt who wanted a function to stay when he died. So he ordered his custody to build a huge stone house in the shape of a pyramid. A pyramid looks somewhat like a giant ten t. The base of this pyramid is almost big lavish to fill ten football fields. Its peak is as full(prenominal) as a stairway with more than eight hundred stairs. Kings of Egypt used to be interred in great tombs with jewels and golden vases, and even thrones and chariots. The tombs had so many valuable things in them, that thieves used to break into them and steal their treasures. So later kings decided to veil their tombs. They left orders for their burials to be in a orphic place called the Valley of the Kings. The graves were not to be marked. But, still, the jewels in golden vases and thrones and chariots were stolen. When historians checked it out they rig out who stole the treasures, thats right the men who were supposed to guard the tombs. The Great Sphinx The Great Sphinx was built almost 5,000 years ago , when Khafre was king of Egypt. It had a human head and a lions body. It stands 66 feet high and more than 240 feet long. Both head and body were carved from solid roc k. The head of the Sphinx has been damaged more than in one case by people who destroy things on purpose. everyplace the centuries, desert sand storms have also warn away some of the stone.Ancient Egypt World HistoryAncient EgyptThe Egyptians were the first to make bread that is soft, light and filled with air. They also made the first ovens, because they need a different way to bake the larger mass of dough used for this new kind of bread. The Egyptians used mud bricks that have been dried in the sun to make houses. The sun is shining on our backs. In town ,we shall be paid fish for our barley. That was a song of Egyptian farmers , more than 3,000 year ago. Wall paintings in ancient tombs show farmers at work in their fields. The early Egyptians had hundreds of signs for words or for parts of words. Like other ancient people, the Egyptians often wrote on clay tablets or stone. It was from one such stone, the Rosetta Stone, that we learned ancient languages. Cheops was the name of a king in ancient Egypt who wanted a place to stay when he died. So he ordered his men to build a huge stone house in the shape of a pyramid. A pyramid looks somewhat like a giant tent. The base of this pyramid is almost big enough to fill ten football fields. Its peak is as high as a stairway with more than eight hundred stairs. Kings of Egypt used to be buried in great tombs with jewels and golden vases, and even thrones and chariots. The tombs had so many valuable things in them, that thieves used to break into them and steal their treasures. So later kings decided to hide their tombs. They left orders for their burials to be in a secret place called the Valley of the Kings. The graves were not to be marked. But, still, the jewels in golden vases and thrones and chariots were stolen. When historians checked it out they found out who stole the treasures, thats right the men who were supposed to guard the tombs. The Great Sphinx The Great Sphinx was built almost 5,000 years ago , when Khafre was king of Egypt. It had a human head and a lions body. It stands 66 feet high and more than 240 feet long. Both head and body were carved from solid rock. The head of the Sphinx has been damaged more than once by people who destroy things on purpose. Over the centuries, desert sand storms have also warn away some of the stone.

Coming of Age Essay

There have always been challenges that a early days adolescent must make to become an adult. Whether it was one hundred eld ago, or today in this day and age, the challenges are ever so present. Unfortunately, the challenges faced back then were far more harsh and difficult for the young adults compared to the present. They lacked the technology, resources, and knowledge we now possess today. Most jobs one hundred years ago had to be physically done by tribe, not machines, which the 21st coke seems to love. Although times are now different in the sense of materials and knowledge, the society and traditional structure of becoming an adult still stands you lead a job, you get married you are an adult. There are plenty more things that need to be done and prepared for before even entering the work world, let alone becoming an adult. One hundred years ago, someone my age would have already been working on a farm or in a warehouse with production of some sort.They might be already m arried with a baby on the way and one already born. career was very out of the ordinary compared to what we are accustomed to today. A young person was considered an adult at a very early age, typically because he/she started working very young to provide for a family. Life expectancy one hundred years ago, if you survived birth without all antibiotics, was not very long. For women it was 56 and men, fifty-two. Due to the short-lived lives of parents, children had no choice but to learn how to fend for themselves in this wild world we call life. Almost all of these jobs, lacking any questment for education, were not the safest, cleanest, or best paying jobs. Not everyone went straight to work some had the luxury of going to school to further their education so that they may obtain a good, high paying job.Those who were lucky enough to have the money to pay for an education are the ones who set the high select for education in the world today. Only the children of the wealthy we re educated, and they became wealthy as well. That was the mind set, which led to current day policy. Everyone goes to school. There are some people that go straight to work after high school. Similar to one hundred years ago, the jobs they obtain typically are not the highest paying jobs that require less education, typically are labor union jobs or off the books working. In this country, you need an education if you want to work anywhere, even at McDonalds. rearing has become such a big part of the world today.

Review of Cocktail Party Economics

Review of Cocktail party Economics for The Economist As an economics training phonograph recording, Cocktail Party Economics highlights the concepts of economics, bringing them to light in a simple way without taking away from the importance of each theory and thought. This is a book written to engage its readers and interest them in the liking of the economic thought process. Addressed to students everywhere, curiously those who like economics or want to, this book is exactly that. Cocktail Party Economics is a skillful portrait of the process of economic thought, which entertains young readers due to the authors sometimes silly and sarcastic moments.Economics may sometimes appear to be a fractious subject filled with elaborate terms and descriptions hard to grasp the understanding of, yet the book brings the subject to life and turns it into a less complex digest of concepts in a cocktail party setting. Each chapter begins with a quote which ties in the ideas of the followi ng paragraphs and each chapter ends with a simple yet important fate, tying in the concepts in which the reader has just been educated on. In Chapter 5, the beginning quote states There is hardly anybody good for everything, and there is scarcely anybody who is absolutely good for nothing. This was verbalize by Philip Dormer Stanhope, a British statesman. The quote at the beginning of the chapter provokes the mind of the reader to begin to think of The Absolute of Comparative Advantage (Chapter 5). At the end of the chapter, there is a picture of a cocktail napkin with a sentence upon it, stating Comparative advantage will determine what people will supply. This sentence is the anchor to a chapter full of ideas about comparative advantage, bringing the chapter to a close, simply and delightfully.The idea of using the cocktail napkin to close each chapter is simply sense experience it unites the ideas of the chapters with the overall theme of the book. Gossip Column an imaginativ e idea used to enlighten the reader about long-deceased members of humanity who have contributed a great portion to the economics society. There are many Gossip Columns within the book each one displaying the lives of an economist and their contributions to todays economic society. These are especially important to this work of literature because they highlight the key concepts developed by deceased economists and ow these concepts are used in todays day and age. The reader is consumed by the column and what it has to offer a chance to understand the idea of economics on a greater scale. Visualization is an essential factor of Cocktail Party Economics, as it is aimed at a student audience. Visuals in which a student sees within the text help the individual to expand their learning and retain more(prenominal) information. The use of charts offers the reader a chance to refer to them in the case of confusion or misunderstanding.These visual aids help each reader on their journey of understanding the theories of economics. Either in the form of a chart or picture, Cocktail Party Economics challenges readers to apply their knowledge to understand the text soften through the visual aids. Overall, Cocktail Party Economics is a great tool to use when trying to grasp the idea of economics and the impacts of the theories on modern society. The book contains a great deal of aids in the form of quotes, Gossip Columns, charts, and pictures, helping the reader to better their understanding.The authors make the text easy to read, using a somewhat story-telling setting. The title, Cocktail Party Economics, is very well suited to the book and explains what the book is about being able to bring economics into a conversation at such a setting as a cocktail party. The book then furthers to explain the concepts of economics, explaining them in a way that is not dull therefore, could be brought up in conversation at a cocktail party. Cocktail Party Economics is a book about big ideas and exceptionally scales them down to a level a student will understand.

Evaluation to organisational learning practices

Organisation make decisions which ar r out(a)ine, daily in nature, operational or strategical in nature which has to do with the corporate or formational plan on how to operate and carry out its function in order to efficaciously and expeditiously attain its objectives and goals. These decisions somewhattimes matter in consequences that be not favourable to the governance. Sometimes the organisation stands to pay dearly for embarking on the ravish decision, or fashioning a nice decision at the wrong time.Thus, organisational scholarship is a steering out and a field, which contemporary organisations have adopted in development to detect and make corrections to erroneous decisions in the operational strategy of the organisation. The context and content of the organisations operations are studied the revolution associated with it is taking into cognisance. And how this affects the organisational managerial functions of Planning, Organising, Staffing, co-ordinating, Report ing and Budgeting, is besides studied so as to bring about effective and efficient decision making in the organisation.What parting does military rank play in the organisational learning practices? Since valuation is a utilitarian tool in the hands of managers of administration, it is seen that valuation approaches set good record at providing accurate, valid and appropriate information in individual and the organisational successful decision making. Thus, the kernel of this write up is to peruse and critically analyse the contribution of military rating to organisational learning practices. CONCEPTUALISATION OF TERMS What Is Organisational skill?A prominent scholar that has contributed immensely in the field of organisational learning is Prof. Chris Argyris. He has to his credit several books on organisational learning. And also the works of Don Schon is highly recognised. Learning accordion to Argyris and Schon (19782), involves the detection and correction of error. Organis ational learning concerns on how organisations learn to be stationed effectively in find and making correction to unfavourable decision and organisational strategy.The rapid changing environment that to the highest degree organisations assume had do the acquisition of clean knowledge difficult and problematic. even if change is endemic this is questionable. As well as being proactive or simply passive, organisations may also be victims of excessive change (Mande, 2005). As a way of carrying out organisational learning, Argyris and Schon (1974), came up with the Single-Loop Learning and Double-Loop Learning. In Single-Loop learning, given up or chosen goals, values, plans and rules are operationalised rather than questioned. agree to smith (2001), single-loop learning seems to be bring in when goals, values, frameworks and to a significant, extent strategies are taken for granted. In single-loop learning the underlying programme is not questioned the overwhelming amount of lea rning done in an organisation is single-loop learning, since it is designed to identify and correct errors so that the job gets done and the action remains within stated policy, guidelines. (Argyris, 1993). Single-loop learning is described as a curb that learns when it is hot or too cold and turns the heat on or off.This is performed with the information received by the thermostat regarding the room temperature and take corrective measures. The Double-loop learning gives question to governing variables themselves, to subject them to critical scrutiny. Such learning may them lead to an alteration in the governing variables and, thus, a shift in the way in which strategies and consequences are framed. (Argyris and Schon, 1974). To Usher and Bryant (198987), Double-loop learning involves questioning the subroutine of framing and learning systems which underlie actual goals and strategies.Argyris (1974 1982 1990) argues that double loop learning is essential if practitioners and orga nisations are to make informed decisions in rapidly changing and often uncertain contexts Edmondson and Moingeon (1990160) puts it that The underlying theory, supported by years of empirical look into, is that the reasoning processes employed by individuals in organisations inhibit the exchange of relevant information in ways that make double-loop learning difficult and all but impossible in daubs in which much is at stake. This create a dilemma as these are the very organisational situations in which double-loop learning is most needed.The diagram below illustrate and form the process of organisational single and double-loop learning. Source Mark K. smith 2001, Chris Argyris Theories of action, double loop learning and organisational learning. The diagram illustrates that consequences from the organisational decisions and strategies that are unfavourable under the single-loop learning, these are modified in line with organisations actions and strategy, but under the double-loop learning there is an over all change and revert to other governing variables that seem develop and operationalisable in effective attainment of the organisational goal.What Is Evaluation ? In the process of making decisions about organisation practices and strategies m whatever alternatives are forgone for a chosen one. And it become necessary to assess the chosen option so as to know if really it meets its target or in other words, if the choice for choosing it is not a wrong choice. In this same vain, Fadeyi (199974), has it that Once appropriate alternatives have been isolated, the next step in decision making is to evaluate them and select the one that will vanquish contribute to the goal.This is the point of ultimate decision making. Evaluation, according to Williams (2005), is a field that accurately, validly, and rigorously explores the values or worth of human activities. The term is most commonly applied to the assessment of publicly funded social programs, but can cover just about any to include many elements which make it useful in decision making. However, to Oksanen (2005), military rank is not a magic cure for all situations rather, the launch of an evaluation has to be well-planned and it must be ground on clear goals.Evaluation is an assessment of set plan, decision or strategy of an organisation or individual, or a group etc, to see if they are able to effectively meet the target, objectives or goals to which they are drawn to meet. Thus, evaluation enables any organisation to know whether to modify and existing organisation an existing organisation plan or strategy, or to put it aside and choice another alternative, or wear still to keep on adopting the same strategy and plan if there is no variance between its expected pull up stakes and actual result.Though, sometimes evaluation has not successfully bring together individual and organisational decision making. As Williams (2005) puts it naturalized evaluation approaches have a good record at providing accurate, valid and appropriate insights, but have had mixed success in getting these bodied into individual and organisation decision making. Nevertheless evaluation has been an effective tool in better decision making in organisation. METHODS OF EVALUATION According to Williams (2005), the methods of evaluation have been drawn from the applied social sciences.Inter deliberate, survey and small group processes have been the dominant data collection tool, written reports and oral founding have been the dominant reporting tools. The inherent assumption that underpins most evaluates data leads to reliable information and reliable information influences appropriate organisational and individual behaviour. In the view of Fadeyi (199974), two study methods of evaluation are 1. Marginal depth psychology This is an evaluation system whereby the additional revenue and the additional costs are compared.This can be used where the objective is profit maximisation, which may require optimum use of machines that can be achieved when additional input equal output. 2. Cost Effectiveness Analysis Cost effectiveness, in its simplest form, is a technique for choosing from among alternatives, by identify a preferred choice when objectives are off the beaten track(predicate) less specific than those expressed by such clear quantities as analysis does is to force the decision maker to see assorted alternatives, by identifying a preferred choice when objectives are far less specific than those expressed by such clear quantities as sales, costs or profits.All cost effectiveness analysis does is to force the decisions makers to see various alternative in light of their effectiveness versus their costs. CONTRIBUTION OF EVALUATION TO ORGANISATIONAL LEARNING PRACTICES. Evaluation, as discussed earlier, is an effective tool for decision making and choosing the right and feasible options among given alternative choices. Through it an organisation is able to recei ve an operating strategy for the organisation that would make it attain its objectives and goals, not only effectively, but also efficiently.Thus, evaluation plays a significant and key role in an organisational learning practice. Evaluation ahs a prominent role in the extensive organisations such as ministries and research constitutes, evaluation practices has enhanced the capability of this organisation to make extensive reforms. Thus, institutional evaluation become more potent than research and development programme which is confirmatory and takes place within a longer time span institutional evaluation, on the other hand is easier to detect compared to the potential effects that an R & D programme evaluation can have on the evaluated activity (Oksanen 2005).Another contribution of evaluation to organisational learning practice is that it makes an organisation to be in a position to choose and make decision on the corrective measure to adopt on policy plans and organisation s trategy that its consequences are not effective passable to meet the set goals and objectives. Hence, an organisation would be in a better position, after conducting its evaluation, whether to adopt the single-loop or double-loop learning method.Evaluation information is seen to be tight intertwined with other relevant sources at the decision makers disposal. (ibid. ) Here, evaluation makes the task of choosing he mode for organisational learning easy since assessment would have being made to see what the organisation ahs done, and what it is suppose to do. This will place them in a better position to make better decision in this regard. Evaluation stands as a anxiety tool that plays several functions in the organisation management and learning practices.According to Oksanen (2005), a recurring view associated evaluation with cost awareness two at the level of an individual research organisation. Programme, and at the level of the national R & D. system as a whole As a managemen t tool evaluation is not only seen as a tool of ensuring the accountability and relevance of development activity in an organisation, but also as a procedure closely linked with internal development and learning. Hence, evaluation is a tool to conscientise and makes organisation staff to reflect on what they do and the role they play in the organisation.As Oksanen (2005), put it, evaluation process offered the staff an opportunity to pause for a moment and to reconsider what they are doing, why they are doing it, and how they are doing it. This way evaluation brings out the week points of stays and through the organisation learning practice corrective measures are taken to strengthen and armed these lapses in the organisation. Closely related to the above point is that evaluation makes an organisation know its strengths and weaknesses. Thus giving it the opportunity to correct and strengthen its weaknesses.Illustrating this with ALNAP, annual review in 2001, with the aid of its eval uation reports, the report has it that, it would appear that in some areas at least, co-ordination being a case in point, this years results are better this years sample provides a more positive picture than last years the ability of the ALNAP Annual criticism series to high spot recurring problem areas within the Humanitarian Sector represents in itself a positive contribution. (ALNAP Annual Review, 2003). Evaluation has helped the ALNAP organisation to know ? Which organisations, and co-ordination bodies that are better placed to tackle the recurring problems.? If they consciously own the problem, i. e. are the issues being actively considered by key bodies within the sector. ? What progress is being made each(prenominal) year in the effort to tackle such problems (Ibid. ) Evaluation as a management tool, also stands to trigger a desired self-steering process in the organisation. Here, the organisation is made to be focus on those objectives and long term goals it seeks to ac hieve. And through evaluation in the organisation learning practices, the organisation is spurred and triggered towards the attainment of these targets and any observed variance is adequately taken care of.Also, evaluation helps to clarify the mutual expectations of partners and other interested parties. Outside the institution can turn out to be a learning process for a wider institutional environment, including agencies higher in the hierarchy, such as ministries and other partners (Oksanen, 2005). Illustrating this, an evaluation of a research institute has offered the ministry concerned an opportunity to review the institute more thoroughly its functioning, its position within the administrative field, and its role in the development of the sector in question.In addition, some interviewees at the ministry level felt that institutional evaluations have succeeded in pointing out weaknesses, which would demand internal changes even within ministries. (Ibid. ) In the view of William s (2005) evaluation is germane(predicate) in the arriving at a common ground for the diverging groups in an organisation. Evaluation approaches generally seek to get to the core issues, and as a result often explore undiscussibles and raises issues that expose deep division within the community it is investigating. Evaluation stands as a tool for persuasion in the organisational learning practices.Here, evaluation offers general support of assurance in decision-making situation. Among decision makers evaluation gives them a valued support in their decision-making. Evaluation is seen as an important external blurb opinion, in relation to which decision-makers can reflect their own ideas. This second opinion gives management the opportunity to assure itself that planned actions and strategic choices are also reasonable from an external point of view. (Ibid. ). Evaluation is valuable for justifying and convincing others about the necessity of proposed decisions.Within the organisatio n evaluation provides support tot he decision makers in relation tot he staff. Here, the decision maker can not stand alone, but point out someone from the outside who has objectively assessed the situation and has arrived at a conclusion that such decision are inevitable to put aside. Evaluation also contributes to an organisational learning practice by positioning the organisation to have the willingness to improve on its observed results. When evaluation is carried out, if the result that the organisation gets is unfavourable, it tends to strive to improve upon this, so as to obtain a better result next time.To Udell and Baker (1977), cited in Sexton, et al (1989), advantages of innovative evaluation to inventors, when their innovation and ideas are subject to it, includes 1. A general idea of a commercial viability of their new product idea. 2. Input concerning potential problems likely to be encountered during the innovation process. 3. Unbiased opinions from individuals who h ave the expertise to evaluate a new product ideas or invention. 4. relevant information that will be useful in presenting the concept to others 5. Direction regarding additional information needed for a more thorough evaluation of the product.6. Opportunity, based on the information provided, to make a more informed decision about whether to drop or proceed with the product. 7. Information that may help attracts investors. It is seen that these highlighted advantages of evaluation to innovative ideas are similar to those that an organisation derives when evaluation are linked up with the organisation learning practices. HINDRANCES TO ORGANISATIONS EVALUATION A major hindrance to effective evaluation is when the objectives and goals of an organisation are not clearly stated and straightforward and explicit.It makes the evaluation of such goals and objective very difficult. This tends to hamper the results of the evaluation process. As the ALNAP annual review (2003) has it The potent ial contribution of evaluation genres to learning is often hampered by a lack of clarity as to the purpose, the under-use of approaches and techniques likely to join on learning at the individual and team level and the under use of evaluation materials and case studies in training. According to Oksanen (2005), the most often mentioned weak points to evaluation includes1. Lack of time for evaluations which may lead to inaccuracies and superficiality in results 2. Evaluators competencies and in particular, their insufficient knowledge of local circumstances. CONCLUSION From the write-up it is seen that evaluation plays a significant role in organisational learning practices, through evaluation the learning practice is made feasible and effective. This make the decisional aspect of the organisational practice to be generally supported and pass judgment in the attainment of set goals and objectives for the organisation.Through evaluation, the organisation strengths and weaknesses are observed and corrective measures are better put in place to correct these weaknesses BIBLIOGRAPHY ALNAP Annual Review (2003), Chapter Five. (www. alnap. org/AR2002/chapter5a. htm) (19th August2005) Argyris, Chris (1982) Reasoning Learning and Action Individual and Organisational, San Franciso Jossey-Bass Argyris Chris (1990), Overcoming Organisational Defences, Facilitating Organisation Learning Boston Allyn and Bacon. Argyris, Chris (1993, Knowledge for Action a Guide to Overcoming Barriers to Organisational Change.San Francisco Jossey Bass Argyris C. and Schon D. (1974), Theory in suffice Increasing Professional Effectiveness San Francisco Jossey Bass. Argyris C. and Schon D. (1978), Organisational Learning A theory of Action Perspective, Reading Mass Addison Wesley Edmondson, A and Moingeon, B (1999) Learning, Trust and Organisational Change in M. Easterby-Smith, L. Aranjo and J. Burgoyne (eds. ) Organisational Learning and the Learning Organisation, London Sage Fadeyi, R. M (19 99), Management Principles and Practices, Lagos, Foresythe Media Ltd.IFRA (2005), Evaluation and Organisational Learning (www. ifrc. org/docs/appeals/annual01/01790101. pdf) (20th August, 2005) Mande (2005), Overcoming Organisational defences Chris Argyris (www. mande. co. uk/docs/chapter4. htm) (28 June, 2005. Oksanen, Juha (2005), Does Evaluation Contribute to decision Making? (www. evaluationcanada. ca/distribution/200005_oksanen_juha. pdf. ) (19th August, 2005. Sexton, Donald L. et al (1989) variety Evaluation Programs Do they Help the Investors? In Journals of Small Business Management Vol.27, Issue 3. Smith, K. Mark (2001), Chris Argyris Theories of action, double-loop learning and organisational learning, the encyclopaedia of informal education, (www. infed. org/thinkers/argyris. htm. ) (20th August, 2005). Usher, R and Bryant, I (1989) Adult Education as theory, Practice and Research, London Routledge. Williams Bob (2005), The contribution of Evaluation to Program and Orgn aisational Development- The use of Whole System Groups Processes. (http//users. actrix. co. nz/bobwill/elg. doc) (19th August, 2005.

Fighting Bacterial Growth

Fighting Bacterial Growth The purpose of this lab was to determine the effectiveness of antiseptics, antimicrobials, and antibiotics on bacterium. The hypothesis was that if bleach was used, it would be the to the highest degree effective because bleach is commonly used to clean and disinfect various things. The variables that were tested were antibacterial soap and Scope mouthwash for the antiseptics bleach and ammonia for the disinfectant and Cipro, erythromycin, and tetracycline for the antibiotics.All of these chemicals were used on the bacteria M. luteus. Two Petri dishes were covered in the bacteria and split into four quadrants, in which each had a disc containing atomic number 53 of the chemicals stated above. One quadrant was go away alone with no chemicals for the control group. The dishes were then left for the bacteria to grow, and once obtained again it was obvious that some of the bacteria was killed by the chemicals.In individual data, there was a zone of inhibitio n of 3mm in the antibacterial soap 10mm in the Scope mouthwash 2mm in the bleach no zone of inhibition around the ammonia 10mm in both the erythromycin and the tetracycline, and 15mm for the Cipro. The average length of the halo of inhibition in antiseptics was 8 mm in the E. coli, and 6 mm in the M. luteus. The average length of the halo of inhibition in the disinfectants was 12mm and 11mm respectively. For the antibiotics, it was 7mm and 9mm respectively.The data represented the hypothesis because for both the E. coli and the M. luteus, the largest zone of inhibition was in the disinfectant and more specifically, the averages were 28mm in the E. coli and 18mm in the M. luteus in the bleach. In some Petri dishes, the bleach in any case killed bacteria in the other quadrants, indicating that it killed a lot of bacteria. This also affected some measurements for the other chemicals, because the zone of inhibition for the other chemicals around the bleach could have been caused by the bleach instead of the other chemical.Another error was that since these Petri dishes were left out for 2 days, there was re-growth in the bacteria in and around the zones of inhibition, like the ammonia in the individual data. In the lab, the chemicals were tested on bacteria to see how much of the bacteria will get killed. What kind of items then would create the most bacterial growth? If bleach was used on unlike kinds of bacteria, which kinds of bacteria would be most affected by the bleach, and which bacteria will be the least affected by the bleach?

Positive influence by a person on my life Essay

For the past eighteen years that I have walked this earth, the most influential soul in my biography has been my mother. Although the passing of my father deeply affected her, she was still able to persevere and raise me and my siblings to think and act bid responsible two-year-old men and women. She motivated me to make something more of myself than to sit and become waste on a street corner. My mother played an important role in my life and has always been a positive factor in me growing up.My mother is my mentor and my friend these two qualities make her more than a mother. She is like my guardian angel, always watching every move and keeping me on the right track. My mother is a strong woman and she holds well for a mavin mother. But, the days that she has to struggle are the days I have to stand up and help her by lifting some of the burdens off her shoulders.My mother has taught me how to not precisely overcome the death of my father, but also how to overcome some of the hardships that will affect my life in the future. Being the eldest male in my home, she helps me sustain that my brothers look to me for guidance. By emulating her leadership, I often take on some of her roles, such as helping my younger siblings in their schoolwork and leading them aside from negativities in their surrounding environment. She fools many great things in me that, at times, are not so obvious to me. She constantly tells me to become something great in life to make her and my dads spirit proud. This encourages me to strive for the best of my abilities.I reflect back to the day of my high school graduation when my mother approached me and told me, Its time. It was weird because it was like a time bomb went off inside of me. I got up and I knew what I had to do. It was time to use the skills she equipped me with and in the end become a young man. I wanted to get into college and I wanted to eliminate all my weaknesses and turn them into my strengths, and all of my th reats into opportunities.In the future, I see myself taking the reins as patriarch of my family. Ibelieve with my mothers guidance I have the necessary tools to stand against almost anything she has trained me well. I have overcome deaths, and many more personal struggles. I believe I have what it takes to make it through college because of my angel. My mother has prepared me mentally and spiritually to withstand the trials and tribulations that await me in the future. She is a strong woman and I am proud to call her my mom.

Functional Skills

operative Skills Functional skills are qualifications in English, maths and ICT thatequip learners with the basic practical skills required in every solar day life, education and the workplace. To learn that Functional skills are assessable to all learners they are available at Entry Level 1 through to Level 2. Employers are crying turn up for workers with sound Functional Skills they are essential skills that are genuinely in demand. With good Functional Skills your students will need the ability to draw on a bank of transferable skills to help them succeed in all areas of life.Functional skills where introduced due to the Wolf Report to replace the old key skills as a head of a gap in skills whichThe Secretary of State for Education commissioned Professor Alison Wolf of Kings College London to carry out an item-by-item review of vocational education. She was asked to consider how vocational education for 14- to 19-year-olds can be improvedin order topromote successful progres sion into the labour securities industry and into higher level education and training routes.She was also asked to provide practical recommendations to help inform future policy direction, taking into account current fiscal constraints. The review has been informed by over 400 pieces of evidence from the public, a number of visits to colleges, academies and training providers, and interviews and discussion sessions with key partners in the sector. Alison Wolf comments in FAQs in edexel. com that , Functional Skills fade rates are lower than Key Skills pass rates.This is still true post-pilot, and on one level may be due to this being a new qualification. However, rather than having negative connotations, this proves that standards are higher and a more legitimate marker of quality (cross-reference Key Skills where the pass rate is almost 100%). Functional Skills are challenging, worthwhile qualifications, denoting a marker of student excellence FAQs Functional Skills and the Wolf Report Edexcelwww. edexcel. comFunctional skills ran as a three year pilot scheme from Sept 2007 and was officially rolled out nationally in Sept 2010 We use basic skills on a daily basis while driving a car, cooking, making purchases, supporting our children in schoolwork. These daily tasks may present challenges for adult literacy learners, because they incorporate skills from a pastiche of academic areas when driving you must read street signs very quickly when cooking you use measuring tools or calculate with fractions.Yet some learners may state, I dont read much, or I never use math. Teachers can help learners make connections between what they are learning in gradation and every-day available skills by the contextualization of instruction. The 3 functional skills are MATHS Functional maths is what we use every day e. g counting money, calculating shop bills basic money management adding these childrens dinner money ? 2. 00 per day x 5 Days a week = ? 10, measuring are a etc for carpets , wallpaper, cooking we compress and measure ingredients.ICT Functional ict is everyday uses including online banking , paying household bills , renewing car insurance , online shopping and searching for best deals , reading e mails, texting friends ENGLISH Functional English is everyday tasks such as writing a shopping list , reading the mail reading the newspaper, reading the road signs when driving, checking shopping purchases on receipts, using e mail reading and replying. holding an everyday conversation requires speaking and listening skills. The delivery of Functional Skills should be embedded into all curriculum areas by using contextualized dogma materials, In my area of Art I can incorporate and plan functional skills in sessions by Maths , in art learners regularly use ratio to mix art materials , e. g paint and water 2-1, mixing plaster of paris 3-1 measuring dimensions for drawing patterns e. g dividing a canvas in half or into four requires an ove rall measurement and then divided by 2 for half or 4 for quarters and so on. English, in art learners have to read to understand e. g study of an artist , YP read a biography of the artist and plunge out relevant key points and write them spile, so using sentence formation , punctuation . listening is a skill , to follow instructions in art either verbally or from a list which is used in making a clay pot , or plaster mould. ICT in art , learners use ict to find images , so using a google search , also knowing their way around a website to find relevant images or information.Usually images are printed and formatted to their specifications for tasks , so printing knowledge is used also saving work to relevant files are all everyday ict skills we use in day to day life and work How functional skills are implemented and supported in my organisation We are a small education setting with up to 30 YP at any time so I think we have a thorough pathway for YP Learners are assessed when th ey arrive at Aycliffe in the lead entering education by the online goal assessment which gives a clear score on maths and English ability they are broken down into separate curriculum areas e. spelling , punctuation , number sequencing, adding , subtracting so can clearly give a good assessment for extra support regarding functional skills across the curriculum The senco then highlights areas for concern and distributes Strategy sheets to teaching staff and relevant support staff these give an indication of hints and tips useful in teaching a particular identified need in a student.Provision mapping and planning sheets are used to track continual level of need and progress, In Aycliffe secure centre we also use for identified pupils a computer programme called Successmaker which is has numeracy and literacy programmes aimed at all levels this is an excellent tool to boost the attainment in functional skills as learners are supervised on a 1-1 basis by teaching and support staff, an d Successmaker shows a clear improvement and highlights areas for extra need.In our plaque the most level of need is in reading and we use SRA reading scheme which has 4 levels and the learners are assessed and placed in appropriate groups , we also have journal reading groups which are for competent readers which concentrate on reading own material and reviewing and understanding text. We also run an individualised Life Skills programme , through assessment YP work through a life skills programme which offers a cross curricular array of Functional / Life skills from making a bed , budgeting and shopping for a healthy meal, booking a train ticket to accessing further education in their communities.

Healthcare Delivery Systems

Chapter 1 Health Cargon Delivery Systems There are numerous interesting and important points in this chapter. Some of them include Pennsylvania Hospital founded by Ben Franklin was the 1st US hospital University of PA was the US first checkup school The AMA was founded in Philadelphia in 1847. The Flexner Report was published in 1910 and impacted the status of medical school education. Hill-Burton Act of 1948 provided federal monies to update hospitals JCAH which is now JCAHO was created in 1951. JCAHO is an independent accreditation agency for wellness finagle facilities (all types).Medi tutelage and Medicaid were enacted by Congress in 1965 Privacy Act of 1974 protect the privacy of information systems in federal health care facilities HCFA (now called CMS) was created in 1977 TEFRA in 1982 established the first Medicare prospective payment system EMTALA of 1985 protected patients against dumping HIPAA was passed in 1996 with components on standardization, simplication, priva cy, and security SCHIP was established in 1997 to provide health insurance to infants and children not covered under Medicaid Notice all of the abbreviations used in chapter 1The use of abbreviations and acronyms is very prevalent in the health care and HIM field. Important Concepts in Chapter 1 Continuum of Care primary care, secondary care, and tertiary care. Most of us are familiar with primary care, care sought by a patient with medical professionals for current problem or maintenance of a problem. Secondary care is seeing a specialist, dermatologist, neurologist, and so on for a problem, often referred by your primary care or family doctor. Tertiary care is often provided in specialty hospitals.This can include specialty radiogram (PET scan, MRI), burn treatment, cancer treatment centers, etc. Health care forwardness ownership, there are three kinds of facility ownership in general brass, for profit, and not-for-profit non government (Faith-based hospitals for example). Ho spitals are organized with a governing body at the top, sometimes referred to as a board of trustees. Within the hospital and most larger health care facilities (rehab, clinics) there will be an Health Information Management (HIM) or Medical Records Department.However, Medical Records is an older term. Typical functions of an HIM department include, coding, chart abstraction, bear witness processing, record storage and retrieval, medical transcription, release of information (ROI), cancer registry, and index complying and retrieving. The size of the HIM department staff will vary and is usually based on the bed size of the facility and/or annual visits processed (discharged, ED, Outpatient surgery etc. ). One of the most visible components of a health care facility and an HIM department is the coding function.Coding is in addition seen in outpatient area for physician office and other types of non-hospital based healthcare. This is based partially on the fact the coding is tied t o reimbursement and funding for the facility/provider. In the US there are two main coding systems used ICD-9-CM and HCPCS. HCPCS contains CPT codes which are often thought of as a separate system but CPT is part of HCPCS. CPT codes are used to report physician services regardless of the place of service (hospital, office, ED, clinic, etc. ).ICD-9-CM classification contains diagnoses codes which are used by all providers for coding. ICD-9-CM volume 3 is only used to report inpatient or acute care hospital procedures. Note CPT does not have any diagnoses codes in it. If a physician uses CPT to code/bill for procedures, ICD-9-CM must also be used. A complete picture must be captured with the procedure and the diagnosis(ies) of the patient for coding/billing to be correct Licensure and accreditation your textbook makes a distinction between these wo. Licensure is often governed by state and can be for an individual or a facility. Licensure is most often required for a health care prov ider or facility to operate in that limited state. Accreditation is for a facility and is most often voluntary. JCAHO is one accreditation body, others include AAAHC, AOA, CARF, NCQA, NCCHC. New Developments When the implementation of more digital technology in the area of health care and specifically in the HIM area.Electronic health records (EHR) are being discussed and used more and more in the US. With this type of record gathering and storage, methods of authentication have been updated for the digital age. These include electronic signature. Security measures have also been updated which include smart cards and biometrics. Your textbook also includes some excellent websites for concepts in this chapter. You may also want to refer to this list when you are looking for journal articles to complete lab assignment 2-5 which will be due next week.

Industrial Growth in the United States for 1860-1900 Essay

Many valuable factors helped to promote Americas huge industrial growth during the period from 1860 to 1900. Before the blossom of this industrialization, the get together States consisted of mostly farms and small t features. The development of factories and urban cities short changed all of this. The railroad system expanded and last turned into a goldmine for commerce in the join States. Machinery started to decrease the amount of animal tire used, which allowed the consistency and production of goods to rise. As it reached the brink of the 20th century, America had surprisingly become the worlds greatest industrial nation in history.The Civil War, caused by Southern states seceding from the Union, sparked the beginning of the United States industrial growth. As the war came to and end, reconstruction within the country began to take place. Many new ideas and inventions began to pop up and American business leaders recognized them. One of these ideas was a railroad that woul d run from coast to coast. In 1862, the building of this Transcontinental Railroad began. It was finished by 1869 and drastically change magnitude cultural diffusion. The Republican society of the Federal Government was in control during most of the countrys industrial boom.Their platform treasured to impose tariffs, or taxes, on foreign goods to keep Americas spending within its own borders. They also supported the construction of the Transcontinental Railroad. The railroad allowed goods to be sold throughout the whole country, which in turn increased production and sales. At that point in clock time, as well as today, time equaled money. Travel times were cut, and therefore money was raked in more than ever before. By 1900, there was closely 200,000 miles of railroad track in America. This was an increase of over 160,000 miles from 1860. The United States was on track to becoming a huge industrial nation.During the period of time between 1860 and 1900, there were many ask in industry. These needs included conference, natural resources, power sources, cheap labor, and applied technology. In the 1850s, 52% of all power came from animals sequence only 35% came from water and coal. By the 1900s, the use of water and coal more than doubled to 73% of all power sources. Many business tycoons realized his growing use of resources. One man by the name of John D. Rockerfeller created a monopoly over the entire oil industrythrough his plan of swimming Consolidation. With this plan he was able to bring together many firms in the oil business and commingle them into a single unit called a trust. Another man, Andrew Carnegie, had similar views on gaining total control of a commodity. In 1882, he used the idea of Vertical Consolidation to gain control of the growing brace industry. His business, the Carnegie Steel Company, therefore controlled every factor in the production of steel. Rockefeller and Carnegie both became very rich men, and the United States Congr ess soon recognized this.They responded by drafting the Sherman Antitrust Act, which outlawed the combination of businesses that would destroy competition. As more and more people moved to the West in search of better lives, the need for communication grew. Systems of sending messages through wires and electric currents soon began to appear. These inventions were called the telegraph and the telephone. People in the West could now communicate with the friends and loved ones in the East that they moved away from. In turn, their fear of isolation soon disappeared. Although the tussle of communication was diminished, life on the job continued to be a problem. Workers demanded better working conditions. Factories soon began to run faster and more smoothly than in the past.Working conditions also improved and provided less adventure of injury and strain on workers. (Document 1) Conditions were only getting better, but the need for lower wages was a growing problem for factories. Immig ration rates to America began to increase. From the 1860s to the 1900s, the number of immigrants rose to over eight one thousand thousand people. This allowed wages for workers to go down because immigrants would work for less money. The factories could now spend more money on the production of goods. The many demands of industrial growth were met throughout Americas industrial boom.During the second half(prenominal) of the 19th century, the United States shocked the world by transforming into a dynamite industrial nation. Its nation increased from six million people in 1860 to over thirty million in 1900. great power sources played a major role in industry at this time. Communication devices and railroads also increased commerce. Big businesses were on the rise and Americans soon left their farms for factories. These factors helped to promote the United States successfully rapid industrial growth during the period from 1860 to 1900.

Analyzing the Central Theme of Charles Frazier’s Cold Mountain Essay

algid Mountain is a tragic yet a actually profound chronicle of bang, searching, and intuition which happens in an environment terrorized by war in 1864 (Buchanan). The story is set on the troubled plains and mountains of nineteenth vitamin C America where Inman, the main character, decided to leave the battlefield as he yearned and searched for his lover. In a nutshell, the story basic every(prenominal)y revolves around a tale of love which bound two peck together amidst distance, chaos, and isolation.This presentation novel of Charles Frazier has definitely redefined love in ways, portrayed as a powerful force which en qualifieds people to over fall down dangers and even life threatening situations just to reunite with a love one. In several(prenominal) ways, the novel reflects the importance of conviction as well as love despite isolation, distress, and confusion that an single(a) faces. Central Theme of the Novel The main feature of the novel which an average reader may nock would be the war of the 19th century America. It tells the story of how distressing and misercapable life during war is and how despairing it gets most of the time.Inman, identified as the main protagonist of the story, was a part of the accomplice army originally he went on to his venture of coming back to his long lost lover, Ada. His life in the confederate army made him realize that it is indeed a lot worse to lose something a someone already has than fail to get what that person currently wants. The war made the character feel all the isolation and estrangement any person would never want to experience. Through this isolation, Inman tangle the need to puzzle back home.However, amidst the distress and pains brought by the war, Inmans spirit was kept alive by his love and yearning for Ada. The epos describes how more tremendous Inmans longing is for Ada compared to the pains he felt because of his wounds. The indite illustrated Inmans longing as miserable as if, his wounds gave hi, just reason to doubt that he would ever heal up and feel whole of a piece again (Frazier 25). Although the epic was mostly about battles, what Inman felt because of his separation from Ada gave the story a soft, emotional, and sentimental effect.This aspect of the story depicts a reality that no matter how bitter a persons environment may seem, in that location will always be some spark of compassion and love inside his or her perfume to encourage him or her to live. The story also illustrates that compassion and love will always be crocked forces that will bind two people regardless of how far they are from each other and disregardless of how tough and immovable the barricade between them may be. Adas love, on the other hand, is illustrated in her patience and faith in Inman.Despite their distance, she never stopped waiting for Inman and believing in him. Her faith and belief that everything between them will be alright is reflected in her notes as a response to Inmans letter which said This you must know that despite your long absence, such is the light in which I view the happy relation existing between us, that I will never conceal a single thought from you (Frazier27). The story was basically split between Inman and Adas life events which prove that beyond borders, their love will always unite and hold them together.Incorporating such a sentimental floor in a distressing genre such as war was an amazing feat that Frazier was able o successfully portray in his novel. However, upon further analysis of the novel, one may realize that it is from these painful and trying times that the need for love and compassion emerges, since this is the time when people are more possible to feel alienated and lost. It is also from these hard times when the need for someone to love and to be loved back is stronger.Thus, it may appear understandable and explicable why Inman had such a strong hope to come back home and turn his back from the gruelin g and miserable face of war. Nevertheless, Frazier was also able to present the realities of war in a very compelling manner. The alienation which Inman felt was also very believable which made it possible for the readers to empathize with the main character. Conclusion Cold Mountain is a practical(prenominal) and compelling epic of a warrior who did not only fight for his state but also for him to come home to the one he loved.In this novel, Frazier was able to blend well the very different concepts of hostility, isolation, alienation, faith, and love. Yet, the author was able to present these ideas in a very realistic manner through the characters of the story. The epic stub be considered as a good representation of how powerful love female genital organ be inside a persons heart in times of desolation and loneliness. As reflected in the story, it can indeed be the driving force which can help a person to survive the harsh elements in his environments just to come home to the a rms of his or her lover.Similarly, the story also portrays well the impacts of alienation and isolation to an individual and what alterations these impacts can cause to a persons life and points of view. Thus, if there is anything that this epic would send the readers as a message, it would be that, amidst isolation, distress, and chaos, faith and love can help a person survive the odds and the tough challenges.Works Cited Buchanan, Catherine. Cold Mountain Context. Spark Notes. 2009. 15 Apr. 2009. . Frazier, Charles. Cold Mountain. parvenue York Grove Pres

High school hazing Essay

Hazing by way of definition refers to use of harassment, humiliation or abuse as away of initiating an individual into a particular gang or group. Hazing dejection touch either physical process which usually are violent in nature or can involve mental processes which usually are degrading in nature. The person undergoing hazing is expected to endure the ritualistic tests that he is subjected to and this is seen as a way of promoting group loyalty and bond be on as it involves shared abject with other members of the group or participants. Hazing may occur in a number of contexts including the armed forces, workplace, luxuriously checks, sororities and fraternities (Davis, 1998). Rookies let hazing to take place due to a number of reasons.They may want to be associated and become to the in-group and hence letting themselves to be subjected to hazing. This is due to the fact that the in-group has its own beliefs, identity, norms and values. Cognitive dissonance as explained by Leo n Festinger may lead to hazing. (Monarch, 1998) Despite the fact that hazing has been prevalent mover the years, it has been difficult for researchers to conceive it in equipment casualty of its causative underlying mechanisms because of its secretive nature. This has contributed to poor understanding of hazing. Although the many cases of hazing are never reported, various incidents put on occurred where by victims have suffered severe injuries and even death. An example is an incident that occurred in Clarkson University on 10th February 1997 where a 1st year student along with his colleagues was forced to drink a large quantity of intoxicant from a bucket. The poor 17 year old student was found the following day at rest(predicate) after allegedly choking on his own vomit (Sweet, 1999). This is just one of the many hazing stories of which the volume is not as severe. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate hazing in United States of America highschool Schools. The study was carried out by Alfred University, USA in April 2000.MethodologyOut of approximately 15 meg high school students in United States, a population sample of 20, 000 was selected which included both seniors and juniors. A be instrument was prepared and mailed to the selected 20,000 students using their home addresses. On follow up it was sight that only 5.46% did not reach their destination hence it was assumed that approximately 18,600 of the survey instruments were delivered. However the responses that were accredited totaled 1,541 which reflected an 8.28 % rate of response. The cover letter of the survey instrument consisted of enough information about the survey to solicit informed consent from the respondent and also deadline of the return of the instrument. The survey instrument consisted of the background of the respondents including their school grade, sex, resident state, type of school, and any membership in a group, race and location. The instrument also consist ed of the respondents get wind with hazing and its definition whereby they were asked to state whether for each type of a group they joined because of hazing, didnt join because they were aquaphobic to haze, or were forced to leave the group because of hazing. Students were asked during what age they were introduced to hazing, if ever, if they reported it, and what they felt were the most appropriate ways of preventing it. The survey finally asked the students what activities they were expected to do in order to join a group or a team in high school. Initiation behavior that was employ was grouped into 4 categories and was from the preliminary years study of athletes of NCAA. The grouping included community building, endangering, abuse of substance and humiliation. Open cease questions regarding the students suggestions about suggestions of other preventive strategies, motive for participation, experiences and consequences, afterward feelings and activities that were required of them were asked. (High School hazing, 2008) statistical analysis Statistical tables were used to analyze each respondent group of students. Across-tab involving gender and area of dormitory was employed to come up with sample weights.The six groups of females and males by region were separately weighted by frequency of sample and divided by the population to come up with estimations of prevalence and lead to deed of percentages expected for whole population based to the current limited knowledge. Cross-tabular analysis employing chi-square statistics were conducted to study significant differences among groups. Activities were used to cross demographic groups in order to identify hot spots and at risk groups.ResultsThe study found out that the students were of the view that hazing is condoned by adults. They felt that hazing was acceptable socially and they would significantly engage in the activity especially if they knew of a hazed adult. The students usually do not think haz ing is a big problem. one-half of the students that were involved in abuse of substance and other illegal acts as a way of world accepted into a group believed their activities as hazing. However, 98% of the students believed that dangerous hazing was not good while 86% believed that hazing that is humiliating was not good. The study also found out that student saw hazing as a way of having fun and as exciting. It was also found out that hazing begins at a young age and can progress throughout life. (Eisenber, 1986)

A Beautiful Mind takes place over the course of forty seven years in John Nash’s life

A Beautiful Mind takes place over the course of forty seven days in magic Nashs life. It is based on a true story. The train begins with John Nash as he is entering into graduate school at Princeton in the late 1940s and lasts through the reception of his Nobel Prize in 1994. During his schooling he lives on campus al nonpareil, but a few years after he graduates, he meets Alicia Larde. Eventually he marries her, and they move in to together and have a son. Throughout the span of the film he separates schizophrenic psychosis and his condition progresses, until he is diagnosed, after which treatment is implemented.He appears to suffer from schizophrenia insane type, because of the prominence of his delusions, as well as his numerous inter in the flesh(predicate) problems. The initiatory symptom that John Nash displays which rat be used to classify him clinically as schizophrenic is disturbance of language. When he is working on a difficult mathematicsematics problem, or walk ing from one place to another, he mutters unintelligible things to himself. frequently when coming out of one of his hallucinations he is chthonic a lot of stress and begins talking nonsense, such(prenominal) as when he was giving his infant son a bath.When his wife returned to find the baby virtually drowning, John Nash insists, even though he is alone in the room, that his old college roommate, who doesnt exist, was hold backing the baby. Further, he claims that Charles was injected with a sort of serum that made him invisible. The meaning of his claims doesnt make sense within the context of the situation. Also, at the runner of the movie, in response to a challenge, he tells his classmate that he is terrified, mortified, petrified, and stupefied, by him, which could be a variety of clanging, although it actually makes sense.His disturbance of language mainly results from his disruption of perception, which includes rather complex hallucinations. The first hallucination he has, which follows him for the rest of his life, is his roommate, Charles Herman, whom he meets in graduate school. Soon after, John Nash is introduced to six year old Marcee, Charles niece. subsequently graduating, and being appointed to a position at Wheeler Lab, his work with the government prompts another hallucination-this age of a top enigmatical government investigator, a William Parcher, who goes on to give Nash an assortment of assignments. The many delusions that he suffers can be classified under disturbance of thought. First of all he exhibits delusions of grandeur.He estimates himself at such a high importance level that he feels as though he is invincible, and should not be cap satisfactory of losing-even in a board game. Also after doing minor work with the government, he thinks hes a scout, allowing him to work with top secret government documents, but that is just a part of his delusions of grandeur. genuinely believing he is a spy has to do with his confused s ense of self. Being a spy is a position he has created for himself.Even after being forcibly admitted to the psychiatric hospital, he cut acrosss to opine they are his enemies, that they hospital staff are merely Russians trying to trick him into divulging his secrets. Hes so paranoid, that when his wife, Alicia, mystifys to visit at the hospital, he warns her that they may be listening through microphones. John Nash feels persecuted by his friends and the doctors. He thinks they are exactly out to get him, because he cannot realize the condition he is in. There are dickens slip by examples of inappropriate emotion that Nash exhibits in this film.When he is studying in the library at Princeton, he coolly mentions how he watched a woman get mugged, and then continues to display the mathematical equation he move depicting the event. As his hallucination of Charles Herman points out to him, its not normal to sit by calmly and watch as a womans purse gets stolen. Second of all, when his baby nearly drowns because of his carelessness, he does not seem real upset, and cannot understand why his wife is so distraught. John Nash can be considered abnormal by evaluating him under several characteristics.All of these symptoms that he displays throughout the movie fit the criteria perfectly. First off he shows a deviation from normal and ideal mental health. battalion in his life began to notice that more or lessthing is just not right with John. His wife finds herself in denial, but near the end she sees it, too. Because of his condition he suffers from nearly immutable personal distress and discomfort. His classmates taunt him, and even losing a simple game with one of them upsets him and sends him off running, verbalize to himself in a disturbed way.His frustration with himself at not being able to solve math problems or come up with a topic for his doctorate thesis, interfere with his functioning in familiar life. He spends the majority of his clock ob sessing over his work-real and imagined. Hours and hours every night he pores over magazines for his government brag (one of his hallucinations) trying to discern top secret codes and patterns, but in reality he is just idling away his time that should be spent with his family or performing his job.He cant seem to control his regression with following the instructions his hallucinations give him to the point where it impairs his functioning as an instructor, a husband, and a father. Hes a peril to himself, as well as to others. In graduate school in a fit of frustration he cracks his head against a glass window, cutting his head open, and once committed to the psychiatric hospital he digs a hole in his arm until he starts bleeding, trying to find the secret code he believes is implanted in his skin. Dr.Rosen, the psychologist, after a careful examination of John Nash, gives him the captain diagnosis of schizophrenia. Of the two types of schizophrenia, reactive and process, John Nash is most likely suffering from process schizophrenia, because of factors involving the way the complaint progressed. His symptoms developed gradually, beginning as early as graduate school in Princeton, when he first started seeing his college roommate, Charles Herman-rather than resulting from a specific precipitating stressor.The symptoms began, as noted, supposedly close to the time when he begins graduate school, and continue to get progressively worse as time passes, lasting throughout his entire life. This type of schizophrenia has a poorer prognosis compared to the sudden-onset Reactive schizophrenia, and even though the doctors administer insulin shock and prescribe pills for John Nash, his symptoms nonetheless persist into his old age. This film begins simultaneously with John Nashs entrance into graduate school, and that is similarly when development of his schizophrenic symptoms began.Despite the fact that the film does not give evidence of his pre-morbid personali ty, it can be inferred that Nash has always had affectionate problems. At one point he informs his roommate that he doesnt much like mountain, and neither do people much like him, which leads the audience to believe that he has struggled with cordial relationships for most of his life. In the several freeze scenes, he attempts conversations with women, but finds himself lacking the social skills necessary to keep any of their favors the moment he opens his express to speak.In his opening line to one girl he proposes intercourse, in addition to mentioning something regarding the exchange of fluids. And his top hat friend in the world turns out to be a hallucination. John Nash manages to maintain only one close relationship during the entire film, and that is to his wife, Alicia-and even that tie becomes stressed when his symptoms began to increase in severity. To put John Nashs behavior into a theoretical framework, both of his methods of treatment can be taken into account.Hi s doctors at the psychiatric hospital administer him a vigorous program of insulin shocks to begin treatment. After which he is put on a prescription of drugs to control his symptoms. According to the Biological theory his schizophrenia had to be caused by some abnormality in his genes, resulting in either a dysfunction in his nervous or hormone systems. To correct for this Dr Rosen, his doctor, prescribed a course of medical treatments, which seemed to work, because Nashs hallucinations, as well as other symptoms, went away.The music had unpleasant side effects for Nash-interfering in his work because he could not focus on equations, and disrupting his personal life, because he could not respond to his wife sexually, nor interact with his son-so he decided quit taking the music and to try a different method. John Nashs personal opinion was that he could learn to control his symptoms on his own. He felt that life wasnt worth living if he couldnt do it on his own terms, if he coul dnt work, relate to his wife, or raise his son. He took on an Existential perspective, holding to beliefs that he had the freewill to be responsible for his own condition.He decided that he did not have to pay attention to his hallucinations, and temporary hookup they never left him completely, he was able to live day to day without getting caught up in them to the point where it would interfere with his functioning. He chose to get better, and thought the symptoms did not go away, he was able to develop discipline on his own to ignore them. My question is how the lack of social skills is related to his development of schizophrenia. Did he suffer from poor social skills, and as a result, his condition was catalyzed by the consequential lack of significant relationships?Or were his poor communication proficiency and lack of perception early warning signs of the disease to come? For the paranoid type of schizophrenia, there are automatically interpersonal problems taken into account , because of the bizarre behavior, regarding interaction with their hallucinations. People suffering from negative symptoms-and thus having few social skills-tend to have a smaller social interlock to support them throughout the difficulty of their disease, which deprives them of the ability to function independently (Macdonald, 1998, p. 275).Lack of social skills and appropriate social responses has been determined to be caused by the slowing down of visual processing in schizophrenics. By administering a test of visual apprehension, it was shown that schizophrenics take longer to visually register gestures and facial expressions, and often the social pool cue lasts too briefly to be understood (Sergi, 2002, p. 239). John Nash, to begin with, has a very difficult time operating in social situations. Even his third grade t apieceer commented that he was give two brains, and only half a heart, so apparently his lack of social skills stems from his childhood.Since he was not able to build up a social support network prior to the development of his disorder, it was more contest for him to be able to function normally within society again on his own. Eventually, though, it is his relationship with his wife, and his need to be there for her, which helps him in dealing with the ongoing symptoms so that he can survive from each day to the next without giving in. Research has found that neurocognitive functioning, or a dysfunction in neurocognitive functioning-due to a biologically based disorder, like Schizophrenia-may have an effect on specific social skills.In turn, the incumbrance of those skills could then indirectly affect the level of social functioning in an individual (Addington, 1998, p. 65). Thus, the disorder is not the cause or the social dysfunction, but neither is the lack in social skills a take a chance factor for developing Schizophrenia. While these two factors do not have a causational relationship, they do seem to have a correlational relati onship-meaning the presence of one would indicate a higher probability of also detecting the other.

H.G. Wells’s Time Machine

The cultural and intellectual climate of the last decade of nineteenth century was rule by the theory of evolution and socialist ideas. It was an age when aristocratic gentlemen had the cartridge clip and inclination to discuss and logical argument upon every kinds of social and scientific things, including succession travelling. At the truly beginning, the novel succeeds in setting a t i of passionate intellectual curiosity and open-minded enquiry.booster shots Journey of Plot and Conflict The Protagonist The novels protagonist, identified unless as the age traveler, is essentially a scientist and inventor. He is very scientifically minded, and comes out as a character whose breeding is dedicated to scientific advancement and intellect the nature of the world and b take on and butter. Reason is central to his outlook of the world. In his investigations, he has stumbled upon some radical insights in the structure of pragmatism, which lead him to build his fantastic sent ence motorcar.The sign events The novel begins as the cartridge clip traveller invites his friends to inspect his new invention a beat machine. He explains the idea to themThere are really four belongingss, three which we call the three planes of Space, and a ordinal, measure There is no difference surrounded by clip and any of the three dimensions of Space except that our cognisance moves along it. (1)Scientists and mathematicians mode measure been talking more or less a possible fourth dimension before him, tho our inventor rightly identifies the fourth dimension not with an extra spatial dimension merely with duration. He so shows his friends a small flummox of his invention a metallic frame with ivory and crystal parts. One prize can egg on it toward the future tense, and another can reverse the direction. He helps unity of his friends weightlift the future prise, and the model promptly disappears. Where did it go? It did not move in space at all it si mply went to another time, the prison term traveler explains. His friends cannot decide whether to believe him.Next, the era Traveller takes his friends to his home laboratory, to design his nearly complete, full-scale model. A calendar week later he finishes the time machine, climbs aboard, and begins a remarkable locomote to the future. The memoir is recounted in flash back, by and by the Time Traveller is back from his adventures.Seated in his time machine, the Time Traveller first presses the future lever gently forward. Then he presses the ace for stopping. He looks at his lab. Everything is the same. Then he notices the clock A moment before, as it seemed, it had sas welld at a minute or so past ten instantaneously it was nearly half-past three He pushes the lever ahead again, and he can see his housekeeper flit crossways the room at high speed. Then he pushes the lever far forward.The night came ilk the go out of a light, and in another moment came tomorrow. As I put on a pace, night followed twenty-four hours like the flapping of a black wing Presently, as I went on, still gaining velocity, the palpitation of night and day merged into one continuous grayness I adage huge buildings rise up faint and fair, and pass like dreams. (1)Eventually, the Time Traveller act ass his vehicle to a stop. The machines dials show that he has arrived in the year 802,701. What does he contract?The Conflict In the distant future where the Time Traveller lands, the clement campaign has split into both species one, brutish and mean, living below strand the Morlocks the other, childlike and gentle, living above ground the Eloi. The central fighting of the novel revolves around these two groups. The Time Traveller identifies himself with the Eloi, at least to a degree, and among them he finds a keep back a go at itly young woman named Weena, whom he befriends. Weena can be considered as the protagonists love avocation. But soon he discovers, to his ho rror, that the genus Troglodytes living below are cannibals and prey on the Eloi. some(prenominal) adventures follow. The action scene of peak grandness is the Time Traveller reclaiming his Time Machine stolen by the Morlocks escaping.The finish The novel has a kind of prophetical climax/anticlimax. Escaping from the Morlocks, the protagonist pushes the lever into the extreme forward position. By the time he is able to bring the machine under control, he has moved into the far future. Mammals have become extinct, and only some crablike creatures and butterflies stick around on Earth. He explores as far as 30 million years into the future, where he discovers a dull red Sun and lichen-like vegetation the only beast life in evidence is a football- solved creature with tentacles. rises Time Traveller witnesses the end of the world, and apocalyptic fancy that he carries back to the present. His revelation of finitude implies that we can expect and must accept an end to life, an undeniable doomsday.The Epilogue The Time Traveller then re magical spells to his admit time and to his friends. As proof of his experience in the future, he produces a couple of flowers Weena had disposed him, of a type unk instantaneouslyn to his friends. After talking to his friends, the Time Traveller departs on his time machine and never returns. The teller wonders about his fate. Where did he go? Did he return to the future or go instead to some prehistoric realm?Narration The bulk of the yarn is told from the point of view of the Time Traveller. The means of the story is, however, framed within the narration of one of Time Travellers guests. This guest, the frame narrator, introduces the Time Traveller and lets him relate his adventure in an inset narrative. The frame narrators outside viewpoint carries a degree of objectivity and gives credibility to the inventors inset narrative. He rationality the story in a reality with which the audience can identify before and af ter experiencing the wondrous trip in the time machine. With the return to familiar surroundings, the reader, like the Time Traveller, might question the reality of such a singular experience (Is it all only a dream? They say life is a dream), but the presence of an honorable gentleman in the form of frame narrator gives more plausibility to the narrative of the protagonist who is by nature a dreamer and a visionary.Theme and Meaning Wellss inventors interest in time traveling seems primarily for the sake of scientific accomplishment, to gain friendship for knowledges sake. H.G. Wells story begins with, and forever and a day refers back to, the time machine itself. However, the machine is simply a device allowing the rootage to present his own perspective on a possible future. The master(prenominal) thrust of the story lies in this form of forecasting and prediction and as well in the social comment about the conflicts between different classes or kinds of society. The main i ntent is not so much to explore the questions of time, but to illustrate the ultimate possible case of social and stinting divisions of humanity. Thus, this story can be seen more as a social and policy-making criticism than experience fiction.The Time Traveller does not have a definite cause and notion explanation for the Elois society. To shape his theories he relies on the scientific method, using empirical evidence to reach result that he reformulates with the stripping of new information. However, his inconclusive conclusions are largely conjectures. The Time Traveller bases his hypotheses on socioeconomic conditions and theories (especially socialism) prevalent in his own period of the late nineteenth century, and on a metaphorical range of the capitalist and worker.Without knowledge of some causal chain, he lacks definite information to show what other uncertain elements may have affected mankind to produce the bifurcation of the human species and the predator-prey re lationship of the Morlock and Eloi. While such ambiguities raise many another(prenominal) incontestable questions, the message that comes out of them is clear any kind of widening gap between groups of human race can prove costly in the end. The novel also answers one thing almost straightaway Eventually there depart not be a trace of humanity left, the world will become desolate and barren. The vision of the end of the world is perchance the most haunting and to date the most enlightening aspect of this work, to me. I also wonder how it would have been if the Time Traveller pushed further, if only to cinch the briefest glimpse into eternity.ConclusionNo idea from science fiction has captured the human imagination as much as time travel. We seem free to move around in space at will, but in time we are like helpless rafters in a mighty stream, propelled into the future at the rate of one second per second. One wishes one could sometimes paddle ahead to investigate the shores of the future, or perhaps turn around and go against the current to visit the past. The hope that such freedom will one day be ours is sustained when we observe that many feats formerly mind impossible have now been realise and are even taken for granted.When Wells wrote The Time Machine in 1895, many mountain thought that heavier-than-air flying machines were impossible. But just eight years later the Wright brothers proved the skeptics wrong. Flights to the mope too strictly belonged to the realm of fantasy until Apollo program achieved it. Might time travel be homogeneous? Wellss swift-paced classic science fiction tale challenges us to dare to dream the impossible. The idea of time travel gained projection through Wellss wonderful novel. Most remarkable is his treatment of time as a fourth dimension, which uncannily anticipates Einsteins use of the concept several years later.Interestingly, the Time Machine was Wells first novel, and enjoyed an instant popularity, rescu ing its author from reconditeness and poverty. Today it stands as one of the greatest pioneering science fiction tales. I would like to read Jules Vernes A Journey to the Moon after this.ReferencesWells H. G. (1898). The Time Machine. Retrieved May 10 2007 from http//www.gutenberg.org/files/35/35.txtH.G. Wellss Time MachineThe Protagonist The novels protagonist, identified only as the Time Traveller, is essentially a scientist and inventor. He is very scientifically minded, and comes out as a character whose life is dedicated to scientific advancement and understanding the nature of the world and life. Reason is central to his outlook of the world. In his investigations, he has stumbled upon some radical insights in the structure of reality, which lead him to build his fantastic time machine.The initial events The novel begins as the Time Traveller invites his friends to inspect his new invention a time machine. He explains the idea to themThere are really four dimensions, three w hich we call the three planes of Space, and a fourth, Time There is no difference between Time and any of the three dimensions of Space except that our consciousness moves along it. (1)Scientists and mathematicians have been talking about a possible fourth dimension before him, but our inventor rightly identifies the fourth dimension not with an extra spatial dimension but with time. He then shows his friends a small model of his invention a metallic frame with ivory and quartz parts. One lever can propel it toward the future, and another can reverse the direction. He helps one of his friends push the future lever, and the model promptly disappears. Where did it go? It did not move in space at all it simply went to another time, the Time Traveller explains. His friends cannot decide whether to believe him.Next, the Time Traveller takes his friends to his home laboratory, to see his nearly complete, full-scale model. A week later he finishes the time machine, climbs aboard, and begi ns a remarkable journey to the future. The narrative is recounted in flash back, after the Time Traveller is back from his adventures.Seated in his time machine, the Time Traveller first presses the future lever gently forward. Then he presses the one for stopping. He looks at his lab. Everything is the same. Then he notices the clock A moment before, as it seemed, it had stood at a minute or so past ten now it was nearly half-past three He pushes the lever ahead again, and he can see his housekeeper flit across the room at high speed. Then he pushes the lever far forward.The night came like the turning out of a light, and in another moment came tomorrow. As I put on a pace, night followed day like the flapping of a black wing Presently, as I went on, still gaining velocity, the palpitation of night and day merged into one continuous grayness I saw huge buildings rise up faint and fair, and pass like dreams. (1)Eventually, the Time Traveller brings his vehicle to a stop. The machine s dials show that he has arrived in the year 802,701. What does he find?The Conflict In the distant future where the Time Traveller lands, the human race has split into two species one, brutish and mean, living below ground the Morlocks the other, childlike and gentle, living above ground the Eloi. The central conflict of the novel revolves around these two groups. The Time Traveller identifies himself with the Eloi, at least to a degree, and among them he finds a lovely young woman named Weena, whom he befriends. Weena can be considered as the protagonists love interest. But soon he discovers, to his horror, that the troglodytes living below are cannibals and prey on the Eloi. Several adventures follow. The action scene of peak importance is the Time Traveller reclaiming his Time Machine stolen by the Morlocks escaping.The Climax The novel has a kind of apocalyptic climax/anticlimax. Escaping from the Morlocks, the protagonist pushes the lever into the extreme forward position. B y the time he is able to bring the machine under control, he has moved into the far future. Mammals have become extinct, and only some crablike creatures and butterflies remain on Earth. He explores as far as 30 million years into the future, where he discovers a dull red Sun and lichen-like vegetation the only animal life in evidence is a football-shaped creature with tentacles. Wellss Time Traveller witnesses the end of the world, and apocalyptic vision that he carries back to the present. His revelation of finiteness implies that we can expect and must accept an end to life, an inevitable doomsday.The Epilogue The Time Traveller then returns to his own time and to his friends. As proof of his experience in the future, he produces a couple of flowers Weena had given him, of a type unknown to his friends. After talking to his friends, the Time Traveller departs on his time machine and never returns. The narrator wonders about his fate. Where did he go? Did he return to the future o r go instead to some prehistoric realm?The bulk of the story is told from the viewpoint of the Time Traveller. The substance of the story is, however, framed within the narration of one of Time Travellers guests. This guest, the frame narrator, introduces the Time Traveller and lets him relate his adventure in an inset narrative. The frame narrators outside viewpoint carries a degree of objectivity and gives credibility to the inventors inset narrative. He grounds the story in a reality with which the audience can identify before and after experiencing the wondrous trip in the time machine. With the return to familiar surroundings, the reader, like the Time Traveller, might question the reality of such a strange experience (Is it all only a dream? They say life is a dream), but the presence of an honorable gentleman in the form of frame narrator gives more plausibility to the narrative of the protagonist who is by nature a dreamer and a visionary.Wellss inventors interest in time tr aveling seems primarily for the sake of scientific accomplishment, to gain knowledge for knowledges sake. H.G. Wells story begins with, and constantly refers back to, the time machine itself. However, the machine is simply a device allowing the author to present his own perspective on a possible future. The main thrust of the story lies in this form of forecasting and prediction and also in the social comment about the conflicts between different classes or kinds of society. The main intent is not so much to explore the questions of time, but to illustrate the ultimate possible consequence of social and economic divisions of humanity. Thus, this story can be seen more as a social and political criticism than science fiction.The Time Traveller does not have a definite cause and effect explanation for the Elois society. To shape his theories he relies on the scientific method, using empirical evidence to reach conclusion that he reformulates with the discovery of new information. Howe ver, his inconclusive conclusions are largely conjectures. The Time Traveller bases his hypotheses on socioeconomic conditions and theories (especially socialism) prevalent in his own period of the late nineteenth century, and on a metaphorical image of the capitalist and worker. Without knowledge of some causal chain, he lacks definite information to show what other variable elements may have affected mankind to produce the bifurcation of the human species and the predator-prey relationship of the Morlock and Eloi.While such ambiguities raise many unanswerable questions, the message that comes out of them is clear any kind of widening gap between groups of human race can prove costly in the end. The novel also answers one thing most directly Eventually there will not be a trace of humanity left, the earth will become desolate and barren. The vision of the end of the world is perhaps the most haunting and yet the most enlightening aspect of this work, to me. I also wonder how it wou ld have been if the Time Traveller pushed further, if only to catch the briefest glimpse into eternity.No idea from science fiction has captured the human imagination as much as time travel. We seem free to move around in space at will, but in time we are like helpless rafters in a mighty stream, propelled into the future at the rate of one second per second. One wishes one could sometimes paddle ahead to investigate the shores of the future, or perhaps turn around and go against the current to visit the past. The hope that such freedom will one day be ours is sustained when we observe that many feats formerly thought impossible have now been realized and are even taken for granted.When Wells wrote The Time Machine in 1895, many people thought that heavier-than-air flying machines were impossible. But just eight years later the Wright brothers proved the skeptics wrong. Flights to the Moon too strictly belonged to the realm of fantasy until Apollo program achieved it. Might time tr avel be similar? Wellss swift-paced classic science fiction tale challenges us to dare to dream the impossible. The idea of time travel gained prominence through Wellss wonderful novel. Most remarkable is his treatment of time as a fourth dimension, which uncannily anticipates Einsteins use of the concept several years later.Interestingly, the Time Machine was Wells first novel, and enjoyed an instant popularity, rescuing its author from obscurity and poverty. Today it stands as one of the greatest pioneering science fiction tales. I would like to read Jules Vernes A Journey to the Moon after this.References1. Wells H. G. (1898). The Time Machine. Retrieved May 10 2007 from http//www.gutenberg.org/files/35/35.txt